He provides detailed understanding of the inter-relationships between resource use and their spatial distribution within and outside cities, in relation to climate change, the built environment, and associated resource requirements. He was a director of Econoplas, a plastic manufacturing business and SEQM a business consultancy business. Since 1992 Oliver has worked with national and international companies, local authorities and Universities in waste, recycling, environmental, life cycle assessment, stakeholder and corporate management. Mohammad is also an expert in data collection and analysis, compiling data inventories, and assessing the environmental impacts of complicated industrial systems. More recently, he has developed his research area by focusing on the sustainability of EVs and lithium–ion batteries.
Then he extended his research to sustainability assessment of biorefineries, low carbon transport systems and waste management systems during his PhD and post-doctoral studies. He started his MSc in the area of sustainable agriculture and biofuel production in 2013. He studies technologies and management strategies and provides sustainability analysis of different production systems. Mohammad Ali Rajaeifar is currently a research associate at Newcastle University. That concerns understanding of battery thermal runaway, fire prevention and mitigation. Last few years Wojciech's research focused on the safe application, operation and utilization of lithium-ion batteries. He is an expert in environmental and analytical chemistry with a particular interest in environmental fate assessment and removal of anthropogenic pollutants. He is part of the “SafeBatt – Science of Battery Safety” and previously “Reuse and Recycling of lithium-ion Batteries” projects funded by Faraday Institution. Wojciech Mrozik is a Faraday Institution Research Fellow at Newcastle University, UK. The current study offers a comprehensive overview of the threats and hazards that need to be managed in order to ensure the design and implementation of safe disposal and processing options for spent LIBs. Finally, the paper discusses some of the main knowledge gaps for future assessments. Identified pollution pathways are via leaching, disintegration and degradation of the batteries, however violent incidents such as fires and explosions are also significant. The toxicity of the battery material is a direct threat to organisms on various trophic levels as well as direct threats to human health. The evidence presented here is taken from real-life incidents and it shows that improper or careless processing and disposal of spent batteries leads to contamination of the soil, water and air. The drawbacks of the disposal practices are highlighted and the threats associated with them are discussed. This review records, identifies and categorises the environmental impacts, sources and pollution pathways of spent LIBs. Informal disposal or reprocessing is not a rare activity.
German institute lithium battery develops that full#
Each country uses one or a combination of practices such as landfilling, incineration and full or partial recycling depending on the number of batteries leaving the market, current legislation and infrastructures. Currently, there are no universal or unified standards for waste disposal of LIBs around the globe. The ever-increasing battery waste needs to be managed accordingly. This surge in demand requires a concomitant increase in production and, down the line, leads to large numbers of spent LIBs. There is a growing demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for electric transportation and to support the application of renewable energies by auxiliary energy storage systems.
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